Which type of medication is considered first line for vasospastic angina?

Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are considered the first-line treatment for vasospastic angina primarily due to their mechanism of action, which targets and relieves coronary artery spasms. This condition, characterized by episodes of angina caused by transient constriction of the coronary arteries, can be effectively managed by CCBs that help to relax and dilate these vessels, thereby increasing blood flow to the heart muscle during episodes of vasospasm.

CCBs work by inhibiting the influx of calcium ions into the smooth muscle cells of the coronary arteries, resulting in vasodilation. This action reduces the frequency and intensity of anginal episodes associated with vasospastic angina. Additionally, CCBs can also lower heart rate and reduce myocardial oxygen demand, providing further relief.

While other options have their own roles in cardiac care, they are not primarily focused on the specific cause of vasospastic angina. Beta blockers, for example, may be beneficial in some cases of stable angina but can potentially exacerbate vasospastic episodes. ACE inhibitors are typically used for heart failure and hypertension management and do not directly affect coronary artery spasm. Nitrates can alleviate angina through vasodilation, but their effectiveness in treating vasospastic