Which of the following is a contraindication for ACE inhibitors?

ACE inhibitors are commonly prescribed for conditions such as hypertension and heart failure, but there are specific situations in which their use is contraindicated. Pregnancy is a critical contraindication because ACE inhibitors can adversely affect the developing fetus. They are associated with an increased risk of birth defects, particularly in the second and third trimesters, and can lead to serious complications such as renal failure, low amniotic fluid, and even death in utero.

In contrast, anemia, hypertension, and diabetes do not in themselves preclude the use of ACE inhibitors. In fact, ACE inhibitors can be beneficial for patients with hypertension and can also provide renal protection for diabetic patients by helping to manage certain complications related to diabetes, such as nephropathy. Therefore, the use of ACE inhibitors is well-studied and documented in these conditions, positioning pregnancy as the primary situation where their use is inadvisable.