Which medication class does Carteolol belong to in ocular pharmacotherapy?

Carteolol belongs to the class of beta blockers in ocular pharmacotherapy. Beta blockers are commonly utilized in the management of elevated intraocular pressure, particularly in conditions such as glaucoma. They work by reducing the production of aqueous humor in the eye, which in turn lowers intraocular pressure.

This mechanism of action makes beta blockers an essential treatment option for patients with glaucoma. Carteolol, specifically, also has the unique ability to have some local anesthetic properties and may enhance ocular comfort, which is an additional advantage in its use.

In contrast, the other classes mentioned either do not play a role in lowering intraocular pressure or function through different mechanisms that are not primarily centered on reducing aqueous humor production. For example, alpha agonists work by increasing uveoscleral outflow and reducing aqueous humor production but are not the same as beta blockers in terms of their mechanism. Cholinergic agents increase trabecular outflow and prostaglandin analogs work on enhancing uveoscleral outflow. Understanding these differences helps clarify the role of beta blockers like Carteolol in the overall treatment regimen for glaucoma.