Which mechanism is commonly used to treat fluid overload in ESRD patients?

The mechanism commonly used to treat fluid overload in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is the use of loop diuretics. Loop diuretics, such as furosemide, are particularly effective in promoting the excretion of sodium and water from the kidneys, which helps relieve fluid overload. In ESRD, the kidneys are unable to effectively filter and remove excess fluid and waste products from the bloodstream. Therefore, administering loop diuretics can assist in stimulating urine production and reducing fluid retention, which is crucial for managing symptoms associated with fluid overload, such as edema and shortness of breath.

Dietary restrictions alone might help manage fluid intake but won't effectively remove existing excess fluid. High-dose diuretics could be considered, but without the supportive function of the kidneys in ESRD, they may not be sufficient by themselves. On the other hand, administering IV fluids would exacerbate fluid overload, which is counterproductive to the treatment goal in these patients. Thus, the use of loop diuretics is the most appropriate and effective mechanism for treating fluid overload in individuals with ESRD.