Which effect is associated with adrenergic agents?

Adrenergic agents primarily stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for the body's 'fight or flight' response. When adrenergic agents are administered, they can lead to an increase in glucose levels in the bloodstream. This occurs because these agents stimulate the liver to perform gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis, processes that convert stored glycogen into glucose and generate new glucose, respectively. Increased levels of glucose provide the body with the necessary energy to respond to stressful situations.

In contrast, decreased heart rate is typically associated with parasympathetic activity. Constricted pupils are a function of the parasympathetic nervous system as well, specifically caused by acetylcholine rather than adrenergic stimulation. Enhanced urination is more commonly linked to the effects of the parasympathetic system, which promotes urination by facilitating bladder contraction rather than the adrenergic stimulation, which often leads to bladder relaxation and retention.