Which chemotherapy agent is known for potentially causing SIADH?

The correct choice is based on the known side effects of the chemotherapy agents listed. Specifically, Vincristine has been associated with causing the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). This condition can lead to water retention and hyponatremia, which is a decreased level of sodium in the blood. The phenomenon occurs because Vincristine can affect the regulation of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), leading to increased reabsorption of water in the kidneys, and subsequently diluting sodium levels in the bloodstream.

Understanding the connections between certain medications and their side effects is critical in oncology nursing and patient management. Recognizing which agents can lead to complications like SIADH allows healthcare providers to monitor patients closely, adjust treatment plans as necessary, and take preventative steps to mitigate risks associated with therapy.