When should ART be initiated for HIV treatment?

The initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV treatment is recommended immediately, regardless of the CD4 count. This approach is based on substantial evidence showing that starting ART promptly can significantly improve health outcomes for individuals living with HIV. Immediate initiation helps to reduce the viral load in the body, decreases the likelihood of HIV transmission to others, and can prevent the progression to AIDS and associated complications.

Current guidelines emphasize that even individuals with a high CD4 count can benefit from starting ART early, as this helps in reducing the risk of health-related issues and improving the overall quality of life. In contrast, waiting for specific CD4 thresholds or symptoms can lead to increased viral replication, potential long-term health consequences, and higher transmission risks. Thus, immediate initiation is endorsed based on the latest clinical recommendations and research findings that highlight the benefits of early treatment.