What type of drug is Goserelin?

Goserelin is primarily classified as a GnRH agonist (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone agonist). As a synthetic analogue of GnRH, Goserelin works by binding to GnRH receptors in the pituitary gland, leading to an initial stimulation of the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). This results in a temporary increase in the levels of sex hormones like testosterone and estrogen. However, with continuous administration, Goserelin downregulates GnRH receptors, leading to decreased production of these hormones, ultimately causing a state of hormonal suppression.

This mechanism is particularly useful in treating hormone-responsive cancers, such as prostate cancer and breast cancer, as well as in managing conditions like endometriosis. The hormonal suppression achieved by Goserelin can significantly reduce tumor size and alleviate symptoms related to hormone overproduction. Understanding the role of Goserelin as a GnRH agonist is vital for recognizing its applications in clinical settings and how it fits into the broader category of endocrine treatments.