What therapeutic indication is primarily associated with TCAs?

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are primarily indicated for the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). They work by increasing the levels of certain neurotransmitters, such as serotonin and norepinephrine, in the brain, which are often found to be imbalanced in individuals suffering from depression. TCAs have a long history of use in treating MDD and are particularly effective for patients who may not have responded to other classes of antidepressants.

While TCAs can have other uses, such as in the treatment of some anxiety disorders, neuropathic pain, and insomnia, their primary and most established therapeutic indication remains MDD. This focus is rooted in clinical research and practice guidelines, which emphasize their efficacy in alleviating the symptoms of major depression. Additionally, their sedative properties may provide benefits for patients with comorbid anxiety or sleep disturbances, but the primary aim remains the treatment of major depressive episodes.