What significant neurotoxic effect does Cytarabine (ara-C) cause?

Cytarabine (ara-C) is a chemotherapeutic agent primarily used to treat certain types of cancer, particularly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and lymphomas. Among its various side effects, one notable and significant neurotoxic effect is the potential for causing personality changes.

This neurotoxicity can manifest as confusion, mood swings, or altered mental status, which directly relates to personality changes. The mechanism is thought to involve effects on the central nervous system, and this side effect is particularly relevant in patients receiving high doses of Cytarabine or those who may be more susceptible due to existing central nervous system conditions or vulnerabilities.

While other side effects like mucositis, hand-foot mouth syndrome, and myelosuppression are common with various chemotherapeutic agents, they do not specifically highlight the neurotoxic impact that Cytarabine can have on an individual's psychological state. Thus, personality changes are a key consideration for healthcare providers when monitoring patients undergoing treatment with Cytarabine, making this option the most significant regarding the question.