What side effect known as floppy iris syndrome is associated with which class of medications?

Floppy iris syndrome is associated with alpha 1 blockers. This condition typically occurs during cataract surgery and is characterized by a flaccid and billowing iris that does not respond normally, making surgical procedures more complex and increasing the risk of complications. Alpha 1 blockers, such as doxazosin or tamsulosin, are primarily used to treat conditions like hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia. The mechanism behind this side effect is thought to be related to the pharmacological effects of these medications on the smooth muscles of the iris, leading to pupil constriction and instability during surgery.

In contrast, the other medication classes listed, such as beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, and calcium channel blockers, do not exhibit a similar risk for floppy iris syndrome. This differentiates alpha 1 blockers as the specific class associated with this particular side effect. Understanding this link is essential for healthcare professionals, especially when assessing risks for patients undergoing eye surgeries who are on these medications.