What should be avoided when handling Darbepoetin alfa?

When handling Darbepoetin alfa, it is crucial to avoid both shaking the vial and exposing the solution to light, making the combined avoidance of these two factors the correct response.

Shaking the vial can introduce air bubbles and potentially denature the protein, altering its effectiveness and stability. Proteins, like Darbepoetin alfa, can be sensitive to physical agitation, leading to loss of potency.

Additionally, exposure to light can also degrade the solution, impacting its efficacy. Light can cause photodegradation, which not only affects the integrity of the medication but can also lead to the formation of harmful by-products.

Therefore, by avoiding both shaking the vial and exposure to light, proper handling of Darbepoetin alfa is ensured, maintaining its therapeutic properties and ensuring patient safety. The other option regarding freezing is not included in the selected answer because, while freezing can be detrimental, the first two concerns directly address more immediate handling risks associated with this medication.