What mechanism of action do GLP-1 agonists primarily demonstrate?

GLP-1 agonists primarily work by increasing beta cell insulin secretion in response to elevated blood glucose levels. This mechanism is central to their role in managing diabetes, particularly Type 2 diabetes. When blood glucose levels are high, these agonists enhance the secretion of insulin from the pancreatic beta cells, thereby helping to lower blood glucose levels effectively.

In addition to this primary action, GLP-1 agonists also help to decrease glucagon secretion (which is the opposite of increasing glucagon production) and promote satiety, leading to reduced food intake and potentially weight loss. They also contribute to delaying gastric emptying, which further aids in the regulation of postprandial glucose levels. However, the key mechanism of action remains the stimulation of insulin secretion from the pancreas under conditions of hyperglycemia.