What is the primary consequence of thiazide diuretic use in patients with impaired kidney function?

Thiazide diuretics are commonly used to treat hypertension and heart failure by promoting diuresis, or increased urine production, which helps to lower blood pressure. In patients with impaired kidney function, the kidneys are less efficient at filtering and excreting waste products and excess fluids. This reduced function can lead to a higher risk of side effects from medications, such as electrolyte imbalances, dehydration, and worsening renal function due to the altered hemodynamics associated with diuretics.

In the case of thiazide diuretics, these medications can exacerbate conditions like hyponatremia (low sodium levels) or hypokalemia (low potassium levels), which can be particularly dangerous in patients with existing kidney issues. The decreased ability of the kidneys to handle these medications can heighten the risk of adverse reactions, making close monitoring essential. Thus, increased risk of side effects is indeed the primary consequence of thiazide use in these patients.