What is given to infants born to hepatitis B positive mothers?

Infants born to hepatitis B positive mothers are administered both hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and the hepatitis B vaccine soon after birth. This combination is crucial for providing immediate passive immunity and long-term protection against the hepatitis B virus. HBIG contains antibodies that help to neutralize the virus and prevent infection, while the hepatitis B vaccine stimulates the infant's immune system to produce its own antibodies, providing ongoing protection. Administering both within 12 hours of birth significantly reduces the risk of the infant becoming infected with hepatitis B.

The other options don't provide the comprehensive protection that infants need in this situation. Just giving the hepatitis B vaccine alone would not provide the immediate passive immunity necessary, nor would administering only HBIG suffice for long-term immunity. Standard pediatric vaccinations are important for a child's overall health, but they do not specifically address the immediate risks associated with exposure to hepatitis B from the mother. Therefore, the combination of HBIG and the hepatitis B vaccine is essential for the best protective outcome for these infants.