What is Dorzolamide known as and what type of drug is it?

Dorzolamide is known as a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. It operates by inhibiting the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, which plays a critical role in the production of aqueous humor in the eye. By blocking this enzyme, dorzolamide reduces the production of bicarbonate, thereby decreasing the production of intraocular fluid. This reduction in fluid production leads to a decrease in intraocular pressure, making it particularly useful in the management of conditions like glaucoma.

This mechanism distinguishes dorzolamide from other types of medications used to lower intraocular pressure, such as prostaglandin analogs or beta blockers, which work through different pathways. Understanding the specific classification and mechanism of dorzolamide helps in recognizing its clinical application and potential side effects in therapeutic scenarios involving elevated intraocular pressure.