What is a primary mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors?

The primary mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors involves the reduction of preload. ACE inhibitors, or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, work by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor. By inhibiting this enzyme, ACE inhibitors lead to vasodilation and a decrease in blood volume, resulting in lower pressure in the veins that return blood to the heart (preload).

This reduction in preload can help decrease the workload on the heart and is particularly beneficial in conditions like heart failure and hypertension. By reducing the volume of blood returning to the heart, ACE inhibitors effectively allow for a more efficient cardiac output without placing excessive strain on the heart muscle. This mechanism contributes to improving symptoms and outcomes in patients with cardiovascular conditions.