What effect does red yeast rice have on cholesterol levels?

Red yeast rice is known for its ability to lower cholesterol levels, primarily because it contains naturally occurring substances called monacolins, particularly monacolin K, which is chemically similar to the active ingredient in certain prescription statins such as lovastatin. By inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, which plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of cholesterol in the liver, red yeast rice can effectively reduce levels of total cholesterol, LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, and triglycerides.

The similarity to the action of statins is significant because it highlights how red yeast rice can mimic the therapeutic effects associated with these commonly prescribed medications, making it a potential alternative for individuals who may not be able to tolerate conventional statin therapy. As a result, it is often recommended for those seeking to manage their cholesterol levels naturally.

In contrast, the other options do not reflect the established effects of red yeast rice. It has been extensively studied and shown to have a cholesterol-lowering effect, thereby ruling out the possibility that it has no effect or increases cholesterol levels.