What does the term 'eutectic mixture' refer to?

The term 'eutectic mixture' refers to a unique mixture of two or more substances that, when combined, have a lower melting point than either of the individual components. This phenomenon occurs due to the specific way in which the molecules of the different compounds interact when mixed.

In a eutectic phase, these interactions allow for a more stable state at a reduced temperature, facilitating the melting process. As a result, the mixture solidifies at a lower temperature than the melting points of its individual components, making it particularly useful in various applications including metal alloys and pharmaceuticals.

The other options do not accurately capture this definition. A solution that evaporates quickly does not speak to the melting characteristics of a eutectic mixture. Likewise, two compounds melting at a higher temperature contradicts the fundamental concept of eutectic behavior. Lastly, a solid that does not dissolve in water does not directly relate to the thermal properties or behaviors associated with eutectic mixtures.