What class of medication is Brimonidine (Alphagan) categorized under for treating glaucoma?

Brimonidine, commonly known by its brand name Alphagan, is categorized as an alpha-2 agonist. This class of medication works primarily by stimulating alpha-2 adrenergic receptors in the eye. The activation of these receptors leads to a decrease in the production of aqueous humor, which is the fluid in the eye that contributes to intraocular pressure. By reducing this pressure, Brimonidine helps manage glaucoma, a condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that can damage the optic nerve and lead to vision loss.

The mechanism of action of alpha-2 agonists like Brimonidine is particularly effective because they not only lower aqueous humor production but can also increase uveoscleral outflow, further aiding in reducing eye pressure. The unique action of this medication makes it a suitable choice in the therapeutic regimen for glaucoma, especially when other treatments might not be effective or if the patient has contraindications to those treatments.